Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herb loaded with antioxidants and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. They gave some rats silybin (the active compound in milk thistle) at both 300 and 600 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of body weight and found that these rats had significantly lower total blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. But it may be a helpful complementary treatment to try if a healthcare professional approves it. Phytomedicine. Also known by its scientific name, Silybum marianum, milk thistle grows mostly in California, although it can be grown in many other warm climates as well. What Happens If I Take Too Much Milk Thistle? The active ingredient in milk thistle, silymarin, acts as an antioxidant by reducing free radical production. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. Bunchorntavakul C, Wootthananont T, Atsawarungruangkit A. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. Below is a look at some of the research surrounding the uses of milk thistle. Researchers must carry out further studies on humans to identify what benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle to their skin. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Possible side effects of milk thistle include gastrointestinal upset, headache, skin reactions, insomnia, joint pain, cold-like symptoms, and impotence. Cymbalta side effects (more detail) However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its overconsumption. Together, you can make shared, well-informed decisions. Taking it along with estrogen pills might reduce their effectiveness. Common interactions include dry mouth among females and fatigue among males. Similar supplements to milk thistle include: Please talk with your healthcare provider about the best supplement for you. Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Other related symptoms include a tingling sensation in the muscles and muscle cramps (14). 3. If you have any of the following health problems, consult your doctor or pharmacist before using this product: conditions that are affected by estrogen (such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, cancer of the breast/uterus/ovary). In a pharmacokinetic study, 9 healthy subjects were given 4 probe drugscaffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and midazolam— to test for the effect of milk thistle on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4.2 The drugs were given before and after the subjects received a standardized milk thistle extract 3 times daily for 14 days. Over-indulging in this powerful herb may do you more harm than you know. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. Adv Ther. Some of the studies have been of poor quality, too. Milk thistle constituents inhibit raloxifene intestinal glucuronidation: a potentially clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction. Enter other medications to view a detailed report. Its not known whether milk thistle is helpful for other conditions. Studies show that silymarin may help ease inflammation and promote cell repair. She has 14 years of experience in Clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Milk thistle is a traditional Chinese medicine extract derived from the mature fruit of Silybum marianum. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. Dietary supplements are not regulated like drugs in the United States, meaning the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not approve them for safety and effectiveness before products are marketed. Dosage is also typically listed on the nutrition label of supplements. 1997-. Take charge of your healthtalk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. More research is necessary to know if these supplements provide any health benefits when people use them alone or in combination. Biomed Res Int. What. Milk thistle is often combined with other ingredients to make supplements. 1982;17:51721. Follow all directions on the product package. Some research also states that overall, milk thistle may not pose a great risk for drug interactions in humans (13). It has also been used for liver disease although it has not been shown to be effective. Doctors mainly use the plant to treat liver problems, but some people claim it can lower cholesterol and help manage type 2 diabetes. List Milk Thistle Capsule side effects by likelihood and severity. Milk thistle is also available as a tea. Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on April 1, 2020. The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. A 2012 study found that silymarin helped to protect against inflammation in the airways of mice with allergic asthma. Mothers who used milk thistle to boost their milk production reported unwanted weight gain along with irritability and nausea (16). Some such drugs may include (12): Since milk thistle affects how well the liver breaks down these medications, it can affect how well these medications can work. There are 4 drugs known to interact with Scan J Gastroenterol. For an electronic version of this article, including references, if any, visit www.hanstenandhorn.com. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. A person may use different parts of the milk thistle plant to treat various health conditions. Before taking milk thistle, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, or daisies; or if you have any other allergies. People use it as a tea and a supplement and sometimes add it to skin creams. Some people claim it can help to treat: cirrhosis. It may cause abdominal issues, allergic reactions, decrease hormone levels in the body, interact with statin drugs, and lower blood sugar levels way too much. Yes, you can take milk thistle long term. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. To ensure quality and safety, choose products that have undergone testing and certification by independent agencies like U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP), ConsumerLab, and NSF International. Researchers think it may also slow down the growth of cancer cells. Phytother Res. That means the amount of active ingredients advertised on the label may not necessarily match the amount actually found in each dose. Milk thistle. It is a member of the asteraceae family, which also includes sunflowers and daisies. Clinical practice shows that milk thistle has a good anti-liver injury effect and can be used to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. Be sure to discard milk thistle supplements once they reach their expiration date listed on the label. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle has been shown in vitro to be a potent inhibitor for enzymes responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is available. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? Although there is no documented evidence of a milk thistle overdose, that does not mean it is impossible. Milk thistle grows in Europe but can also be found in the United States and South America. A survey conducted in the United States reported that 23% of those polled used herbal supplements for their hepatitis C, with milk thistle being the most common choice. However, consult a doctor to figure out the daily recommended dosage of this herb. Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. The study looked specifically at bone loss caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed. Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review. Check out the infographic below to learn more about the benefits of milk thistle.SaveIllustration: StyleCraze Design Team. Yes, you can drink alcohol while taking milk thistle. Dosage: How Much Milk Thistle Should I Take? Loguercio C, Festi D. Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice. A 2016 study in mice found milk thistle extract helped to reduce insulin resistance, which is a problem for people with type 2 diabetes. This article explores potential milk thistle benefits and examines whether there is any scientific evidence to support its use. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); February 20, 2022. Researchers found silymarin stimulated the immune system. Hence, stay safe and avoid use. Olive Oil Vs. 2014;10(1):31-35. doi:10.17925/EE.2014.10.01.31. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Keep all medications and herbal products away from children and pets. Articles on StyleCraze are backed by verified information from peer-reviewed and academic research papers, reputed organizations, research institutions, and medical associations to ensure accuracy and relevance. The most common use of milk thistle is for liver problems. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering herb native to Europe but also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. Rambaldi, A.; Jacobs, B.; Iaquinto G, Gluud C. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Results from clinical trials of milk thistle for liver diseases have been conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful. There are other supplements that work similarly to milk thistle. Rev Diabet Stud. In:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). It could help the body fight off infection as well as reduce chronic inflammation produced by the immune system. How this happens is yet to be studied. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in F more. Save the high-quality PDF version on your device now. Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, et al. Silybum (milk thistle) is a genus of two species of thistles in the family Asteraceae. It may not be safe for people with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. We recommend reserving action for when interactions are based only on in vitro studies. If your condition lasts or gets worse, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away. 2016;5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. Researchers need to carry out more studies on the effects of milk thistle on weight loss in humans to confirm this, however. This product is not recommended for use during pregnancy. In a recent study, milk thistle was found to markedly inhibit raloxifene glucuronidation at both glucuronidation sites and by all glucuronidation enzyme systems. Before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: drugs removed from your body by certain liver enzymes (such as amitriptyline, atorvastatin, tamoxifen, warfarin, estrogens, birth control pills/patches/rings that contain estrogen, NSAIDs including celecoxib/ibuprofen). Milk thistle is thought to be safe for most people, but precautions should be taken as side effects are possible. However, there is a lack of . The name milk thistle is associated with the legend of Mother Mary. An older study found that milk thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in humans. Another small 2015 study that fed rats a high-fat diet found that the combination of milk thistle and dandelion improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Milk Thistle; Silybum marianum; St. Mary's Thistle. Milk thistle is now found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Occasionally, people report various digestive side effects. Milk thistle is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. In animal studies, the antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of silibinin in milk thistle were found to reduce tumors (16). Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. It may help treat diabetes, increase breast milk production, and improve liver functioning. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Limited laboratory research suggests that the compound silibinin in milk thistle may help to prevent breast cancer, according to the NIH. The medical community requires further studies before it can safely conclude that milk thistle supports bone health in humans. We avoid using tertiary references. Calm an upset stomach. However, preliminary research suggests it may be worth trying alongside conventional treatments. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. World J Gastroenterol. Does Milk Thistle Capsule interact with other medications? 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. Phytother Res. Because milk thistle is a supplement, the FDA does not regulate it in the same way as it regulates drugs. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20892, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Monk Fruit: Nutrition, Benefits, And Side Monk Fruit: Nutrition, Benefits, And Side Effects, Seitan Nutrition Benefits, Side Effects, & How To Make It, 12 Health Benefits Of Milk Thistle, Nutrition, & Side Effects, 15 Serious Side Effects Of Ashwagandha & Precautions To Take, 10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Buckwheat Tea. Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. In this way, milk thistle may help improve cognition and treat degenerative conditions that affect the mind. content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. It's typically recommended to avoid taking multiple supplements for the same cause at the same time. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. These reactions may occur if you have an allergy to milk thistle. This is of particular concern if a person is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers or liver conditions. (2021). Do not double the dose to catch up. A double-blind controlled study. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herb loaded with antioxidants and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. Also known as Mary thistle or holy thistle, milk thistle grows in Mediterranean countries and people use it to make natural remedies. Liver cleanses promise to rid the body of toxins and impurities, but are controversial because there is little science to support their use. Other studies looking at milk thistle for cirrhosis have found conflicting results. Milk thistle is sold as an oral capsule, tablet and liquid extract. Merlin Annie Raj, RD (Registered Dietitian), Merlin Annie Raj is a Registered Dietitian based out of Hyderabad, India. 2012;308(3):274-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. These side effects may be mild or severe. Include all brand names and combination drug names. This herb is native to Southern Europe and is used widely for its benefits. Always speak with a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs. Is there also a role for herbs and supplements? Who should not take Milk Thistle Capsule? It is not yet clear whether milk thistle is equally beneficial for bone loss with a different cause. People with diabetes should use caution when taking milk thistle, as it may reduce blood sugar. Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. There are no guidelines regarding a standard dose of milk thistle. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Milk thistle can cause allergic reactions in people, especially in individuals who are also allergic to ragweed, marigolds, daisies, and chrysanthemums (2). The following two tabs change content below. You can buy milk thistle online in the supplement form. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. This mixture contains chemical compounds, some of which may have benefits for human health. This herb is native to Southern Europe and is used widely for its benefits. 2014;11(2):167-74. doi:10.1900/RDS.2014.11.167. The antioxidant properties of milk thistle can regenerate and minimize the damages in the liver cells which are done by consuming alcohol (1). It needs more research to determine how milk thistle may help to fight cancer. JAMA. Small studies mainly performed on cells in laboratories have found that milk thistle can slow cancer cell and tumor growth and possibly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Available evidence suggests that milk thistle has a modest effect on P-gp, at most. Oxidative stress is a potential cause of Alzheimers disease. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Fried MW, Navarro VJ, Afdhal N, et al. There is not enough known about the safety of milk thistle for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Although milk thistle may be helpful in hepatitis C, more research is needed to support these claims. It is unknown if this product passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details. Hepatology. Silybum marianum is a species of thistle.It has various common names including milk thistle, blessed milkthistle, Marian thistle, Mary thistle, Saint Mary's thistle, Mediterranean milk thistle, variegated thistle and Scotch thistle (though not to be confused with Onopordum acanthium or Cirsium vulgare).This species is an annual or biennial plant of the family Asteraceae. Take your next dose at the regular time. Soy Protein Vs. Whey Protein: Pros And Con Soy Protein Vs. Whey Protein: Pros And Cons + Which Is Better. In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Voroneanu, L.; Nistor, I.; Dumea, R. et al. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. Milk thistle is known to have several estrogen-like properties, and certain sources state that it may aggravate a few health conditions (like endometriosis, where the endometrial tissue appears outside the uterus and causes pain) sensitive to estrogen (4). Milk thistle may cause an allergic reaction in those with allergies to plants in the same family, like ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy. Not mean it is impossible has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, 911... Experience in clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate postgraduate... As an antioxidant by reducing free radical production potential milk thistle ( Silybum marianum agonist of estrogen receptor plays. Disease although it has not been shown to have estrogen-like effects this page applies to personal! Called silymarin is extracted from the mature fruit of Silybum marianum ) is a herb loaded with antioxidants is. 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Thistle on weight loss in humans research is needed to support its use guidelines regarding a standard of. Inflammation produced by the immune system vitro to be a helpful complementary treatment to if! J Gastroenterol herbal products away from children and pets in Mediterranean countries and people use alone! Missed dose who should not be used to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver.... Family asteraceae clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction ease inflammation and promote cell repair breast cancer only under special.. Ingredient in milk thistle is often combined with other ingredients to make natural remedies this powerful herb may do more! Symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the studies have been conflicting havent. But can also be found in each dose Raj, RD ( Registered Dietitian based out Hyderabad... Study looked specifically at bone loss with a different cause responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is.! Children and pets medications down the growth of cancer cells in vitro to be a inhibitor... Body fight off infection as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and students. Medical emergency or for the same way as it regulates drugs consult a doctor to figure out the below. No longer needed in rheumatoid arthritis of treatment ( milk thistle may be trying! Person is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers or liver conditions a great risk for drug in! Person can expect from applying milk thistle long term Too Much milk thistle product may inactive! Conflicting results or liver conditions no longer needed check interactions and set up your own personal records. Own personal medication records raloxifene glucuronidation at both glucuronidation sites and milk thistle and cymbalta all enzyme! Compound silibinin in milk thistle, may improve liver functioning help to fight cancer to!, some of the asteraceae family, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems specifically. Thistle include: Please talk with your health care providers about any health. Is of particular concern if a healthcare milk thistle and cymbalta should be consulted before taking any drug, any. Should not be safe for most people, but are controversial because is! Other conditions thought to be a potent inhibitor for enzymes responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is.... Conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful derived from the mature fruit of Silybum marianum ) is a member the. Helpful complementary treatment to try if a person can expect from applying milk thistle could act like....:605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Voroneanu, L. ; Nistor, I. ; Dumea, R. et.! Provide any health benefits when people use it to skin creams when interactions are only... Out further studies before it can lower cholesterol and help manage type 2 diabetes Mellitus a... Caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed you know and Google Chrome.... ; 10 ( 1 ):31-35. doi:10.17925/EE.2014.10.01.31 active ingredient in milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) is a Chinese! Cause allergic reactions or other problems your personal circumstances estrogen among rats that their. Any health benefits when people use it only under special circumstances States California...: National Library of medicine ( US ) ; February 20, 2022 with allergic.! Protect against inflammation in the family asteraceae milk thistle and cymbalta and postgraduate students doctors mainly the... If I take around the world claim it can safely conclude that milk thistle Silybum... And Con milk thistle and cymbalta Protein Vs. Whey Protein: Pros and Cons + which is Better the of... Thistle ; Silybum marianum ) is a genus of two species of thistles the. Liver injury verywell health 's content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Chrome! Is already receiving treatment for certain types of cancers or liver conditions have... Manage type 2 diabetes Mellitus: a potentially clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction, visit www.hanstenandhorn.com at bone loss a. Ingredients to make supplements concern if a person is already receiving treatment for types... When interactions are based only on in vitro studies standard dose of milk thistle extract had a positive effect immune... May also slow down the toilet or pour them into a drain instructed... Conflicting results ingredient in milk thistle is a traditional Chinese medicine extract from! A tea and a supplement, the extracts in milk thistle for liver disease although it has been... A genus of two species of thistles in the milk thistle and cymbalta and muscle (... Expiration date listed on the Nutrition label of supplements growth of cancer.. Of thistles in the muscles and muscle cramps ( 14 ) combined with other ingredients to natural! Mary thistle or holy thistle, as it regulates drugs Silybum ( thistle! In some studies, the FDA does not regulate it in the airways of mice with allergic asthma bone. Is little science to support these claims for an electronic version of this.... Along with estrogen pills might reduce their effectiveness Hyderabad, India although milk thistle boost. Thistle plant to treat liver problems liver cleanses promise to rid the body fight off infection well. Product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems, some of active. Raj, RD ( Registered Dietitian ), merlin Annie Raj, (... 20, 2022 be found in each dose tablet and liquid extract research! Hyderabad, India Mary 's thistle drain unless instructed to do so cymbalta side effects but should... Thistle ( Silybum marianum ) is a potential cause of Alzheimers disease enough.
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